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| Glossary of Printing and Graphic Arts Terms - Section T |
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Transparency
A full-color, translucent, photographic film positive.
Transparent ink
Printing ink that does not completely conceal the color of the carrying material beneath.
Trap
In printing, when one section of a job slightly overlaps another to avoid any possibility of holes.
Trim size
Finished size of a printed piece after waste is trimmed away.
Traffic builder
A specialty or premium designed to get consumers to enter a store or a trade-show exhibit.
Tink block
A photoengraving used to print tints of any percentage of color.
Tip-in
Preprinted card bound or partially bound into a periodical.
Tip-on
To attach end sheets or other material to the outside of folded sections by machine applications of a thin strip of adhesive.
TIFF File
Stands for Tagged Image File Format. This is another bitmap file format that is supported for Artwork Upload.
Tackle twill
Text characters cut from twill fabric with an adhesive backing; typically used for athletic applications, the backing allows the character to be tacked in place-appliqué-wise-then its edges finished with zigzag stitches.
Tape
Archaic (rendered largely obsolete by digital technology) means of storing embroidery-design information on a paper (or other medium) tape with holes actually punched through its surface which are then "read" by an automatic embroidery machine; sometimes used colloquially as a synonym for "diskette."
Tension
Proper top and under-thread tension is critical in the correct formation of stitches (in some cases, adequate tension may be quickly assessed by examining the underside of an embroidery and observing a 1:2 ratio of bobbin thread to top thread).
Thread
Typically a fine-gauge synthetic-but also of natural materials, for certain applications-cord used for embroidery stitching; made of two or more filaments twisted together for strength and other characteristics; available in a wide array of colors and performance attributes, as well as various specialty threads (such as metallic).
Topping
Sometimes known as "facing," a material placed on top of the substrate fabric prior to embroidery-either hooped or otherwise held in place-intended to neutralize fabric-surface characteristics such as the heavy nap of fleece, or the wales of corduroy; after embroidery, excess topping is removed either manually, or through the application of heat or water.
Trimming
The removal of excess stitches, thread ends and backing during the finishing process.
Trade advertising
Advertising directed at members of the wholesale or retail trade.
Trade character
A visual identification or personification of a particular brand, merchandise or advertiser.
Tab
A tab adds white space to set off or highlight blocks of copy.
Teasers
Teasers are short phrases placed on the outside front cover which are meant to increase the reader’s interest in the publication’s inside contents.
Templates
Templates are predetermined and saved formats for page layouts. They are designed to be used as a starting point for each successive page or issue. The use of templates saves time and reduces errors in layout formats.
Text
Type of high quality paper, manufactured in white or colors from bleached chemical wood pulp and/or cotton fibers. Made in a wide variety of finishes, including antique, vellum, smooth, felt marked and embossed (linen). Often has a matching cover stock. Usually deeper colors than bond or writing grades. It is desirable to use an envelope that matches or complements the enclosure when used for annual reports, brochures or other prestigious mailings.
Thin Space
A thin space is rarely used today. It was originally developed when hot metal was the popular form of typesetting and situations often arose where a minute amount of space was needed to center or justify a line of type. The only common use for thin spaces is placing them before and after an em or an en dash. A thin space is approximately one-third the width of an en space.
Thumb Cut
Found on envelopes manufactured without flaps, such as filing and film storage. Can be cut on one side or double thumb cut through, for easier extraction of contents
Tiling
Tiling is the process of positioning lasers or negatives together to create oversized sheets when an output unit does not have the size capabilities available at 100%. Running out portions of a document at 100%, aligning them with each other and taping them together is a common form of tiling.
Tracking
Manually adjusting the overall amount of space between letters and words is tracking. Tracking increases and decreases word density and can be used for copyfitting purposes. Adjustment of tracking is often needed with justified” type to even out the rivers of white space within body copy. Creative tracking can also remove widows, orphans, bad word-breaks, and undesirable hyphenation.
Thermography
A process for imitating copperplate engraving, such as on calling cards, by dusting the freshly printed ink surface with resin powder which, when heated, fuses with the ink to form a slightly raised surface. The finished product is very similar to embossed printing in feel and appearance but is much less expensive.
Typeface
Typeface refers to the specific shape and outline of an individual font’s letters and numerals. A general term used to describe the styles of lettering available in typesetting. See also FONTS.
Typeset
To create type of a quality usable for reproduction, whether electronically or mechanically.
Type transfer
A sheet of type created through a photographic and chemical process which can be transferred onto almost any surface by burnishing the back of the sheet.
Type Size
Type size refers to the height of the letters and numerals and is based on the point system.
Type Style
Type style refers to the specific attribute within a typeface’s family. Styles can include italic, bold, bold italic, condensed, expanded, black or outline.
Tyvek®
Spunbonded olefin product manufactured by DuPont. Offers maximum protection and durability at a very light weight. For example, 100 10" x 12" envelopes weigh the same as 57 envelopes of the same size in 28 pound Kraft. Tyvek® is unaffected by moisture and inert to most chemicals. Acid, lint and sulfide free. Often used for
floppy disk and microfiche carriers where protection from acid, lint, and abrasions is needed.
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